The top panel plots how much subjects over- or underinfer from signals as a function of the true signal. Subjects are given binary symmetric signals of different strengths. The x-axis measures the true signal precision. The y-axis measures how much weight subjects put on the signal, relative to a Bayesian. Values greater than 1 indicate overinference; values less than 1 indicate underinference.
The bottom panel relabels the axes to plot subjects' perceived signal strength, defined by the log odds ratio log(posterior / (1 - posterior)), as a function of the true signal strength. Data are shown on a log-log scale. As shown by the best-fit line, subjects' perceptions are roughly linear in logs, a hallmark of models of psychophysics and cognitive imprecision.
Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals.